Advice, Data registration-solutions and Training. ----------------- Tailor made Spreadsheets------------------

Formulae and Functions

What are Formulae?

Formulae form the base of arithmetic operations. In formulae, operators need to be used. The following operators are common: plus (with keybordsymbool , + ) , minus (- ) , times ( * ) , divided by ( / ) , exponent ( ^ Example 3 ^ 2 = 9 ) . Comparison operators such as , equals ( = ), greater than ( > ), less than ( < ), does not equal( < > ).

A formula in a spreadsheet always starts with an equals sign; = . Using the following example; 2 * 5. If you type this in a cell you will see 10 appear in the cell .
Order of the operators is also important. Here we can use an extra set of operators the parentheses, ( ). Parentheses are calculated first, powers and logarithms are second, multiplication and division are next, followed by Addition and Subtraction.< br />
To remember that the order you can use BODMAS or if you are unsure you can use brackets( ).
Example; = 5 + 3 * 2! Which is the correct answer? 16 or 11? Multiplication is done before Addition so the correct answer is 11! If you wanted the answer to be 16 then you would need to adjust the formula as follows( 5 + 3 ) * 2 ! By using the brackets the addition is being done before the Multiplication resulting in 8 times 2 which is 16.

What are Functions?

A function is always used to replace a complicated or long formula.
The function called = sum (arguments ) in the Excel spreadsheet is a formula for adding different cell contents. Is there is a 3 in cell b2, b3 and a 5 in cell b4 adding these numbers together could be done using : = b2 + b3 + b4 the answer would be 11. The use of the function = sum ( b2 : b4 ) also adds the contents of cell B2 to cell b4 together, with the same result 11. If you want to add a long list of numbers, then the sum function a lot more convenient because you have to type a lot less.

Examples of some functions
Som, Gemiddeld, Maximum en Minimum
If, Lookup, What If, Date en Time functions:
Financial: Depreciation, Annuities,Interest(Ask us for full list)
Algebraic: Logaritmic, Arrays (Ask us for full list)

Examples of how a function looks in a spreadsheet; =Min(), =Max(), =If() Argument example such as: b2:b4 are inside the brackets.

Learning Methods

There are a large amount of learning styles based on a variety of human characteristics. Styles like taking action or being passive, to follow ones feelings or wanting to see evidence, to use a investigating or resolving process, to follow the main lines of to focus on details, to be impulsive, or patient.

We are covering learning styles here that can influence how you memorise and understand(learn)information.
In the design of our training and our course material we have taken into account the fact that people often use primarily one of the following learning styles. People use mostly either visual, auditory, kinesthetic or inner dialogue, or a combination of these learning styles, some peole use all systems , including those based on taste and smell.
To meet these learning styles, by using a visual component(the keystroke examples and video) an auditory component (the voice of the coach) the examples of the actions to be performed (keystrokes). It is our intention that this keystroke examples are imitated by the learner(this is especially important for the kinesthetic learner). You will also receive the written text which is designed specifically for those learners who use inner dialogue or inner thinking. These people often read something and think about in order to understand and remember it better. Additionally we offer assignments to test your knowledge.

It can be to your advantage to know what your learning or sombody elses learning style is. This allows you to quickly learn something yourself or learn to use an additional learning style.

Here is some information to help you determine which type you or someone else is.

Words visual people regularly use, I see ,I can imagine , that is insightful, which completes the picture.
Visual people often use visual words and find it important to look good, they often ensure that their environment also looks good. Visual people can imagine something in their mind and are good at remembering how something looks. Visual people love to receive things as a token of appreciation. If they do not feel good they do not like to be cuddled, it often helps them if you can make a problem insightsfull using visuals.< br /> Visual people can "reward" themselves by telling themselves that they look good or that a garment looks good on them.

Words often used by Auditory people often are: I hear you, that sounds good, I am listening , that tells me somethinfg, tell me. The auditory person remembers well what was said and how often it is said. This person often loves rhythm, music and dance and is often musical. Auditory people can influence their mood by listening to good music and to take a good cry "cry music" can help. An encouraging word, and words of appreciation are often very welcome with these people.
English Information
ST Bedrijfs informatie

Words for kinestatic people are: I ubderstand, I can feel you, holding on, weighing something. Kinesthetic oriented people often use kinesthec words and often need to do something before they can remember content clearly. It often works best if they tery things out using their hands and feet. They are the first to be able to remember and copy dance steps. The kinesthetic oriented person wants to be touched and enjoys cuddles. When this person is upsetit helps them when you hold them.

Words for users of Inner Dialog: I will tythink it over, I will keep it in mind.
Inner Dialog people need to be able to think things through. They are the thinkers and they often talk to themselves;. They like to have written information and books.
You can "help" them by giving them a book on the topic of their interest.

Graphs and Diagrams

Informatie

Graphs and Diagrams are a handy aid to help visualise information. Using graphs can be handy for our administration, your clients and customers, your students or your staff.
We can help you create graps to better illustrate your information. If you would like to publish your information online using graphs we van aso be of assistance.
Rules for using graphs.
The content nees to be clear immidiately without the aid of explanations.

Title and Legend

Give the graph a well defined title.
Use a Legend to explain the data components clearly.

Axes

Give the axes a insightfull description with transperent measurement indicators and scales. Omisions of Zero points on the X and Y axes always have to be explicitly indicated and need to have a logical reason.
The axes of the graphs need to be chosen to show the information as distincly as possible. Make sure that when automatic scaling is used, the minimum- en maximum values of the graph are well chosen, and adjust these values by hand if needed.

Types of Graphs

Bar diagram:
Horizontal of vertical bars indicate the values of one or more variabels. When there are more then one variable these are shown with a difference in colour or shading. The graph is called a histogram if it depicts frequencies.

Line graph or diagram:
The horizontal (X-axe) shows names(is nominal of ordinal); the vertical axe shows the variables(kardinale variabels). The data can be shown using dots or a line or a combination of both. 3D graphs are depictions of data using X-, Y- en Z-axes.

Area- en Radar diagrams:
Puts the values in several rows or columns. Information can be depicted two-dimensional or three- dimensional.

Circel diagram/ Pie diagram / Pie chart of Pie graph;
The values of the variabeles add up to 100&; the size of the 'slice' shows the part of the whole.

XY-graphs and Bubbel graphs:
Put the X-Values in the first Column and the Y-values in the next Columns. The independent variable sits on the horizontal or X-axe, de dependant variabele(s) are shown on the vertical or Y-axe.
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